Estimation of some Genetic Parameters in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under Effect of Gamma Rays

Five imported potato cultivars of the E class (Arizona, Fajah, Paradiso, Riviera, and Vogue) were studied for the nature of inheritance of certain growth and yield traits under the effects of a treatment period with gamma rays. It included four treatments: Not treated, treatment for 30 minutes, treatment for 45 minutes, and treatment for 60 minutes. The study was conducted out within the Nineveh Governorate in Iraq. Twenty treatments were used in a factorial experiment with three replicates and a fully randomized block design in the agricultural research field, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Tourist Forest Area, Mosul City, through the spring growing season of 2024–2025. With the exception of the percentage carbohydrates found in tubers, the mean squares values of five cultivar compositions were significant for each characteristic under investigation, according to the analysis of variance results. In the meantime, the attributes of the number of marketable tubers per plant, average marketable tuber weight, marketable yield per plant, and marketable tuber yield showed significant mean squares of the irradiation coefficients. the proportion of starch and dry matter in tubers. For all characteristics within the study, the genetic and environmental variance values were significantly above zero. The characteristics of plant height, the amount of chlorophyll in leaves, number of marketable tubers per plant, marketable yield per plant, marketable tuber yield, and percentage of both potassium and phosphorus in tubers had higher genetic variance values than environmental variance values, while the other traits had lower genetic variance values.