Phytochemical screening, and Acute toxicity detection of the Ethanolic tuberous root extracts of Euphorbia condylocrapa in albino rats

     The tuberous root of spurge Euphorbia condylocarpa M. Bieb, that is pertain related to family (Euphorbiaceae) are ordinarily used as a laxative activity in folk medicine. The present study was intended to explore the phytochemical screening as well as lethal dose of ethanol root tubers extract of spurge in constipated rats. For acute toxicity assessment, several doses (500, 1000, 3000, 5000 mg/kg) of the extract were administrated orally to albino rats. Symptoms of toxicity and possible death of animals were monitored for 24 hrs, to ascertain the Median lethal dose (LD ₅₀) of extract. The results displayed that three compounds were found in ethanolic root tubers in the content determination with LC-, MS/MS: Galic acid in a concentration (440µg/g), Protocatechuic acid in a concentration (71 µg/g), Quercitrin (82µg/g). Qualitative phytochemical test indicated the existence of terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, steroids, tannin, and coumarins of root tuber ethanolic extracts. The maximum antioxidant activity of tuberous root extract was at concentration of 5mg/ml (58.69%), while minimum antioxidant activity was at 0.625 mg/ml (17.18%). Treating albino rats with 5000 mg/kg resulted in noticeable signs of acute toxicity and mortality in the tested animals. The LD₅₀ of this plant was 3600 mg/kg.