Insulin Resistance and Its Relation with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

One hundred samples were collected from the Al-Wafa Diabetes and Endocrinology Center in Mosul. The samples were divided into four groups: healthy, insulin-resistant, insulin resistance with diabetes and diabetic patients without insulin resistance. Individuals underwent additional age-based metabolic stratification into two age groups: 10-35 and 36-65 years. Blood samples were analyzed using biochemical tests to assess insulin levels, along with assessments of fasting blood glucose (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profiles. Results showed that insulin-resistant and diabetic patients had higher insulin levels, FBS, and HbA1c compared to healthy group, suggesting that insulin resistance leads to metabolic problems. Insulin levels remained stable in young people but beta cells progressively lost function as their condition progressed with age. The research also investigates the relationship between insulin resistance and lipid metabolisms

Insulin-resistant and diabetic people had higher TC, TG, LDL and VLDL levels and lower HDL levels. Screening patients using early biomarkers can help assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.